2023年全國醫學英語水平考試（METS二級）經典試題及答案三,更多相關資訊請繼續查看易考吧全國醫護英語水平考試
1). (共用選項)1.Anemia is a reduction among the normal of erythrocytes(紅細胞)， the quantity of hemoglobin and the volume of packed red cells.It may be caused by rapid blood loss，impaired production of RBCs.Anemia is not a disease， but a manifestation of a number of abnormal conditions.The signs of anemia include black and tarry stools， maroon or visibly bloody stools， rapid heart rate， rapid breathing， pale or cold skin and so on;2.Leukemia is a cancer that starts in blood-forming tissue， such as the bone marrow， and causes large numbers of blood cells to be produced and enter the bloodstream.The incidence of acute leukemia is equal in men and women.It may increase after 50.There are four common types of this disease.In China， acute Leukemia is more common than chronic Leukemia.The risk factor include exposure to chemical agents and chemotherapeutic agents.A person treated with radiotherapy or chemotherapy has high risk to develop Leukemia;3.Lymphoma is a group of blood cell tumors that develop from lymphatic cells， which are white blood cells.Signs and symptoms include enlarged lymph nodes(淋巴結腫大)，fever， sweating， unintended weight loss and feeling tired.The enlarged lymph nodes are often painless.The sweats are most common at night.The two main types of it are Hodgkin’s and non- Hodgkin’s disease.The client and family should for the skin and avoid scratching to decrease the risk of altered skin and infection;4.Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC，彌散性血管內凝血) is a serious disorder in which the proteins that control blood clotting become overactive.Thrombin or blood clots is the key factor triggering events.The underlying cause is usually due to inflammation， infection or cancer.Symptoms include bleeding， bruising， blood clots and decreased blood pressure;5.Hemophilia (血友病) is a disease that prevents blood from coting properly.Clotting helps stop bleeding after a cut or injury.If clotting doesn’t happen， a wound can bleed too much.Bleeding can be internal and external.Hemophilia mostly affects boys.Girls who inherit the gene rarely get the condition， but as carriers of the gene they can pass it to their children.There are two major kinds of hemophilia： hemophilia A and hemophilia B;6.Leukopenia is a kind of disease occurred when the blood has unusually low amount of WBCs or white blood cells.When there is an abnormal reduction in the number of white blood cells which usually results in reducing the immune system function.There are four major causes： Leukemia， the Systematic Lupus Erythematosus (系統性紅斑狼瘡)，chemotherapy and the treatment from radiation and the HIV infectionLow amount of white blood cells.( )

正確答案：F
2). Physical Examination■There are two major principles underlying an efficient physical examination.First， the examination is done by regions and second， there is a well-organized order of examination.To be eficient， one approaches regions( )…………for exarmple，the head， the neck， the posterior thorax and lungs and the heart.This type of regional approach also takes into account the comfort of the patient by( )…………the need for frequent shifts in position.■One begins with a general survey of each region and then focuses on( )…………parts.If no abnormality is found， the examination is brief but( )…………abnormality is present， it is studied meticulously， using special maneuvers if necessary.One takes advantage of the( )…………of the human body by comparing one side with the other.In this way， subtle changes are recognized.Small differences in the lung examination， for example， are better detected by cross-comparing symmetrical areas of each lung than by examining each lung( )…………■Following a prescribed order of examination by regions does not imply a lack of fexibility.The examination varies with the condition of patient and the type of problem present.Evidence of disease in one area( )…………the physician to possible related abnormalities in other areas.■The physician learns to do a comprehensive screening examination.Depending on the condition of the patient， the examination will need to be( )…………to special circumstances.The patient may be bed-bound and so ill that the examiner requires( )…………with positioning.In an acute emergency where an abbreviated physical examination is carried out with deliberate speed， one simultaneously does a brief interview， obtains laboratory work and initiates treatment.Regardless of the problem and the condition of the patient， the physician is considerate，( )…………and logical in approach.One keeps in mind diagnostic possibilities， looks for unsuspected disease， and interrelates abnormal findings that may explain the patient’s illness.( )
A.component
B.distend
C.individually
D.systematic
E.mutual
F.eliminating
G.sequentially
H.assistance
I.comprehensive
J.symmetry
A.alerts
A.adapted

正確答案：K
3). Medical Record Review■A detailed， current medical record can be an invaluable asset for patient evaluation.The patient’s“old”medical records should be thoroughly reviewed at the time of admission to develop a “framework”for the( )…………medical history and history of present illness.Often this information is vital in understanding the patient’s immediate condition.■Detailed daily progress notes recorded in the patient’s medical record are valuable for patient assessment.Such a record is helpful for( )…………attending physicians and：nurses as it enables them to ascertain the patient’s progress.When writing progress notes，it’s helpful to follow the SOAP format.■S=subjective.This section usually includes a description of patient complaints and ( )…………These should be recorded in the patient’s own words.O=objective.This section records the patient’s physical exam findings including vital signs as well as ( )…………recent X-ray， lab and( )…………data.Avoid the notation“vital signs are stable”.A blood pressure of 100/60 in a patient with a history of hypertension may represent relative“( )…………”with signifcant hemodynamie (血流動力學)consequences.A-assessment.This section is often the most ( )…………in the progress note.However， it is perhaps the most important as decisions regarding selection of diagnostic test and treatment plans are based upon the assessment.P=plan.In this section is recorded the treatment plan including ( )…………length of treatment， and discharge plans.■When a patient is re-admitted， the old chart should be immediately obtained from the medical records department， even while the patient is still in the ER.Often the clue to the patient’s current diagnosis may be related to prior illnesses recorded in the old chart.Each physician or consultant involved in the patient’s care must review the old chart taking special note of the( )…………summary.The prior medical record is also valuable for( )…………of current data with previous data.( )
A.defense
B.estimated
C.biopsy
D.neglected
E.prevalent
F.consultants
G.symptoms
H.discharge
I.current
J.comparison
A.hypotension
A.pertinent

正確答案：C

......