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1). New York City′s Bellevue Hospital，founded in 1736，is the oldest public hospital in the United States.CNN′s Melisa Block，recently spent a day at the hospital to get a sense of one doctor′s world，through her relationships with her patients.■Dr.Danielle Ofri is an attending physician in internal medicine at Bellevue.For her，poetry and literature are as much a part of the job as X-rays and pills.She′s written about her experiences there in a new book，Singular Intimacies：Becoming a Doctor at Bellevue.It′s a collection of essays about learning to listen to the narrative of her patients.■“At the end of a long day，your whole body aches，”Dr.Ofri tells Block.“I think part of that physical ache is from holding all of those stories，because patients are entrusting you.with their stories-their pain，their life.For a lot of patients，they have no one else.”■Dr.Ofri sees illegal immigrants，the homeless，people in limbo between shelters and rehab，as well as elderly patients desperately wanting to go home，but who have no one to take care of them.Their sufferings are intense.On the day of Block′s visit，there are patients with neurosyphilis，end-stage kidney disease or pneumonia.One of Dr.Ofri′s patients is an elderly woman covered with skin ulcers.Another woman needs – but probably won′t get - a heart transplant because of her status as an illegal immigrant.■Dr.Ofri tries to keep an ear tuned to the stories behind her patients′ medical complaints.And she tries to spend as much time listening as she can，without getting too far behind schedule.Answers to questions about family or jobs may not help with a medical diagnosis，but patients want to talk，Dr.Ofri believes.Conversations like these can help gain a patient′s trust，and they help the doctor，too，she says.■“One of my interns said，′When a patient gets dressed to leave，they are so different.Once they are in clothes，they look so healthy.And when they are in Styrofoam slippers with those horrible gowns that fall open in the back，they look so sick，”Dr.Ofri recalls.“And I think we forget to envision them outside the hospital，in a life，paying taxes，riding the subway，combing their hair.So to let patients talk about their life outside，they come to life more.”■Listening to their stories keeps her patients with her long after she′s left the hospital，Dr.Ofri says.At night，she recalls their conversations，and wonders what else she could do for them.■“It makes me curious about them，”Dr.Ofri says，“so when I go back the next day，I′m more connected with them.And I think a connection has healing power.Most of the patients brighten when they talk about themselves and I think they actually feel better.”■A good part of Dr.Ofris day is spent overseeing the work of new doctors.The days are filled with jargon and medical shorthand.But Dr.Ofri also tries to inject another kind of language into the training：poetry.She carves out five minutes or so each day to gather with her interns and read a poem.She calls it her“literary rounds.”■“We talk fast，we walk fast，we think fast，we write fast，”says Dr.Ofri，“and I think poetry and literature are a chance to stop for a minute and take a breath.To think about the metaphor in a poem is to really stop and look beneath the surface and see what else lies there.I′m just hoping the experience of doing that is helpful，and also trains(my students)to listen more carefully and listen for the metaphor in what patients talk about.”Dr.Ofri reads a poem to her interns each day because.( )
A.interns also like reading poems
B.she hopes new doctors learn to listen to patients
C.poetry and literature have a healing power
D.she writes these poems by herself

正確答案：B
2). High-tech Cancer Screening Having cancer can be terrifying. What may be more terrifying is seeing a specific kind of cancer passing down to you from your family tree，and knowing helplessly that it will haunt your children and grandchildren.■Luckily for Wang Wei，a 38-year-old new mother who has hereditary multiple exostoses，rare bone growth that can become cancerous in childhood，the family nightmare may finally end.■So may it be for many parents like her in China，as a leading reproductive hospital has successfully produced two cancer-free babies，including one for Wang，using a pre-screening technology called the pre-implantation genetic diagnosis (PGD).The treatment，as an additional procedure to the normal in-vitro fertilization (IVF)，esenilly selects the embryo that bears no hereditary cancer genes before putting it into a mother′s womb.■When Wang，from Zhuhai，Guangdong Province，first came to the Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya in Changsha，Hunan Province，in March 2013，the then 35-year-old mother-want-to-be was in despair，hoping to give it a long shot at best.Because of her familial cancer problem，she chose an abortion three years into marriage，and had kept conducting birth controls ever since for fear that her baby may bear the same disease of her paternal family. Many relatives on her father′s side and in her generation carry the same bone disease as she does. Medical statistics suggest that there is a 50 percent chance her baby may get the disease，which the World Health Organization says may develop into cancer in every 20 to 200 cases，too high for Wang to risk it.■But deep inside she was still eager to parent a child，and so was her husband. They sought help from various online platforms and learned about Xiangya′s attempt to produce babies that are free of familial cancers via PGD. ■There was no guarantee at that stage. And the expenses were quite a bite. For one circle-that is to take the eggs and sperms out and combine them into embryos，screen them，and put the healthy ones back into the womb-it costs 50，000 to 60，000 yuan，according to Dong Lei，spokesman for Xiangya.■Wang′s first attempt was a failure，which burned up a year′s salary In December 2013，Xiangya picked three healthy embryos out of seven，but none survived in her womb. Wang made up her mind and tried again in November 2014. This time，there was only one healthy embryo out of eight extracted，but it stayed and grew. On December 6，2015，her child，the second cancer-free baby in China，was born.■Lu Guangxiu，president of Xiangya，tells during an interview in her office that the current PGD-led medical service offered by her hospital has its limitations.“I must point out that the so-called cancer free babies are not absolutely immune to all cancers. They are just free of the specified tumors inherited from their families，”Lu says. Besides that，not all hereditary cancers can be removed from one′s family tree，Lu says as she pointed at a chart on her table. “We have a long way to go to use PGD to stop cancers of polygenic inheritance from passing down.”■Huang Jin，a senior researcher with Beiing University Third Hospital who spent more than a decade studying PGD，says technical risks exist in PGD practice and patients deserve to know.■“PGD reaches final diagnosis through conducting invasive practices on the embrvos. A long-term and large-sample follow-up is needed.”The first baby produced via PGD selection was born in 1990，who just turned 26. Huang says that the time is not long enough to tell whether the invasive screening method would leave any harm.How did Wang Wei realize her dream of having a child？( )
A.It took her about three years to have a cancer-free child
B.Embryos suceded to imbed and grow in her womb in the second trial
C.A hospital in Changsha helped her produce a healthy baby via PGD
D.All of the above

正確答案：D
3). Write a composition to explain what should be noted in the management of postoperative patients with cancer.■You should write about 150 words and base your composition on the outline given■Below：■1) Postoperative care is important in the treatment of patients with cancer.■2) Several points should be noted when providing postoperative care to those patients.■3) Postoperative nursing care and other supports are of great significance in achieving operative efficacy.

正確答案：Postoperative Care■At present surgery has been taken as an effective treatment commonly used for patients with cancer. However， many patients would severely suffer physically and mentally after these cancer treatment operations due to some postoperative complications and side effects， which therefore highlights the significance of postoperative care.■Several points should be noted when providing postoperative care to those patients. Firstly， by strictly following the doctor’s instructions， we nursing staff offer routine nursing care or intensive care， and take charge of observing and recording vital sign data， including blood pressure， body temperature， pulse rate and respiration rate. Secondly， psychological care for these cancer patients， such as great compassion， patience and understanding， is crucial to the management of their mental stress. Thirdly， we are also expected to tell the patients some information on how to follow proper diet and exercise plans beneficial to their recovery.■In brief， desirable postoperative nursing care， along with active collaboration of the patients’ families and friends， is indispensable in achieving successful outcomes with operative treatment of the cancer patients.

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